Stormont assembly members have begun debating whether to continue with Northern Ireland's post-Brexit trading arrangements.
The process, known as the democratic consent motion, was first agreed between the UK and EU in the 2020 Withdrawal Agreement to give local politicians a say in the new post-Brexit trading rules.
The arrangement, the Windsor Framework, was agreed between the UK and EU in 2023 and effectively keeps Northern Ireland inside the EU's single market for goods.
The vote will decide if the arrangements will continue to operate for another four years.
Several parties at Stormont tabled a motion to the assembly as part of the process that guarantees MLAs a say on whether to maintain some of the arrangements.
Sinn Féin assembly member Philip McGuigan said the Northern Ireland Protocol and subsequent agreements protected businesses from "Brexit's worst excesses".
"These are the hard-fought and hard-won protections that absolutely need to continue and that we are voting for today," he said.
McGuigan, chair of the Stormont assembly's Windsor Framework democratic scrutiny committee, said the post-Brexit arrangements offered "certainty and stability".
"Are there issues? Of course there are – this isn't perfect. However, the protocol at least mitigates against the worst excesses of Brexit," he added.
Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) assembly member Jonathan Buckley said the vote was "an illusion of democracy".
"A rigged vote, which the European Union already know the outcome of," he told the assembly.
Buckley said the NI Protocol had "destabilised Northern Ireland's political landscape, fuelled division and shattered trust" and the "rigged nature of today's vote is evidence of that".
"Never has there been a more clear example of a zombie assembly than today," he added.
"Members will vote on giving the authority for the EU parliament to take control of over 300 areas of law, allow them to decide the regulations by which our businesses and consumers will operate by."
Assembly member Kellie Armstrong of the Alliance Party, which does not designate as either nationalist or unionist in the assembly, welcomed the vote, which will be decided by a simple majority.
Her party leader Naomi Long said the Windsor Framework was "the only game in town".
She told the assembly it was "simply not possible to entirely square the circle of the challenges and contradictions posed by Brexit".
But she said that "if we rebuild trust and apply creativity, I believe we can and must lessen the impact".
"While the Windsor Framework is far from perfect, it clearly provides for that softer landing that we need," she said.
Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) assembly member Steve Aiken said Northern Ireland's post-Brexit arrangements were not the "best of both worlds" which some had argued.
"We delude ourselves by pretending that we somehow are in a uniquely positive position," he said.
Aiken added: "An accumulation of changes are making us increasingly diverge from our largest market – our own nation."
He said Northern Ireland was being "increasingly sucked into a morass of excessive legislation and rules".
The former UUP leader said all assembly members should be voting to reject the articles of the Windsor Framework to "categorically say that we want to be heard, and have a say on the laws that affect us".
Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) assembly member Matthew O'Toole, leader of the opposition in the assembly, said Northern Ireland's trade arrangements had offered some protection from the "disaster" of Brexit.
He said leaving the European Union had "fundamentally damaged the UK economy" but that "Northern Ireland has had some protections from Brexit".
O'Toole told the assembly there were "challenges" from the Northern Ireland Protocol which "need to be worked on".
But he said the deal between the UK government and European Union was "necessary because of Brexit, because of a hard Brexit chosen by people who did not have the interests of this place at heart".
"And tragically the DUP and others in this chamber got on board with that and cheerleaded it," he added.
"And I'm afraid they have no one to blame but themselves in many ways."
The motion was tabled jointly by Sinn Féin, Alliance and the SDLP.
But controversially, unlike other votes at Stormont, there is no requirement for cross-community support for the motion. A simple majority will suffice.
The DUP and other unionist parties have argued the vote creates a democratic deficit as the concerns of unionists, who are in the minority at Stormont, can be ignored.
If the vote is carried without cross-community support, the government has committed to ordering an independent review of the post-Brexit arrangements and their implications.
On Monday, loyalist activist Jamie Bryson's legal action against the Stormont vote was dismissed by the High Court.
Mr Bryson claimed Secretary of State Hilary Benn had acted unlawfully by initiating the democratic consent process to maintain the Windsor Framework for another four years.
But a judge refused to grant leave to seek a judicial review after declaring the challenge "untenable".
Mr Justice McAlinden said: "There is no arguable case with a reasonable prospect of success."
In 2023 the Northern Ireland Protocol became the Windsor Framework.
It means that the goods trade across the border with the Republic of Ireland, an EU country, has remained undisturbed by Brexit.
The flipside is that goods arriving from elsewhere in the UK are subject to controls and checks—what is known as the Irish Sea border.
For the EU, the new framework left the basic architecture of 2019's protocol intact, creating a trade border between Great Britain and Northern Ireland to prevent a hard land border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.
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